Neurotransmitters and neurochemicals can act on lymphocytes by binding to receptors
expressed by lymphocytes. This review describes lymphocyte expression of receptors for a …

Autoimmunity and allergies affect a large number of people across the globe. Current
approaches to these diseases target cell types and pathways that drive disease, but these …

Immune-cell activation and functional plasticity are closely linked to metabolic
reprogramming that is required to supply the energy and substrates for such dynamic …

Autoimmune diseases, rejection of transplanted organs and grafts, chronic inflammatory
diseases, and immune‐mediated rejection of biologic drugs impact a large number of …

The immune system has remarkable capabilities to combat disease with exquisite selectivity.
This feature has enabled vaccines that provide protection for decades and, more recently …

Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are caused by the loss of self-tolerance and destruction of
tissues by the host's immune system. Several antigen-specific immunotherapies, focused on …

Immunotherapies are an evolving treatment paradigm for addressing cancer, autoimmunity,
and infection. While exciting, most of the existing therapies are limited by their specificity─ …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the major specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs), play a key
role in initiating the body's immune response, maintain the balance of immunity. DCs can …

Based on the stimulation of the patient's own innate and adaptive immunity, immunotherapy
is used in tumor treatment, and in recent years, it has developed rapidly. To generate strong …

The development of biomaterial-based therapeutics to induce immune tolerance holds great
promise for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, allergy, and graft rejection in …