The drought stress responses of vascular plants are complex regulatory mechanisms
because they include various physiological responses from signal perception under water …

Plant hormones are a group of small signaling molecules produced by plants at very low
concentrations that have the ability to move and function at distal sites. Hormone …

Nitrogen accounts for approximately 60% of the fertilizer consumed each year; thus, it
represents one of the major input costs for most nonlegume crops. Nitrate is one of the two …

Distribution patterns and finely-tuned concentration gradients of plant hormones govern
plant growth and development. Gibberellin (GA) is a plant hormone regulating key …

Plant growth, development, and response to the environment are mediated by a group of
small signaling molecules named hormones. Plants regulate hormone response pathways …

Gibberellin research has its origins in Japan in the 19th century, when a disease of rice was
shown to be due to a fungal infection. The symptoms of the disease including overgrowth of …

Frequently changing environmental conditions pose unwarranted threat to plants life and
impose serious penalties in terms of arrested growth, metabolism and ultimately the yield …

Abstract Biosynthesis/metabolism, perception/signaling, and transport are three essential
aspects of the actions of phytohormones. Jasmonates (JAs), including jasmonic acid (JA) …

Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient that affects plant growth and development. N is an
important component of chlorophyll, amino acids, nucleic acids, and secondary metabolites …

Drought is a severe environmental constraint, which significantly affects plant growth,
productivity, and quality. Plants have developed specific mechanisms that perceive the …