Endothelial cells transduce the frictional force from blood flow (fluid shear stress) into
biochemical signals that regulate gene expression and cell behavior via specialized …

It is well known that the protective capacity of the collateral circulation falls short in many
individuals with ischemic disease of the heart, brain, and lower extremities. In the past 15 …

Collateral arteries are an uncommon vessel subtype that can provide alternate blood flow to
preserve tissue following vascular occlusion. Some patients with heart disease develop …

The formation of a hierarchical vascular network, composed of arteries, veins, and
capillaries, is essential for embryogenesis and is required for the production of new …

Endothelial cells play significant roles in conditioning tissues after injury by the production
and secretion of angiocrine factors. At least two distinct subsets of monocytes, CD45+ …

Cells actively interact with their microenvironment, constantly sensing and modulating
biochemical and biophysical signals. Blood comprises a variety of non-adherent cells that …

Formation of arterial vasculature, here termed arteriogenesis, is a central process in
embryonic vascular development as well as in adult tissues. Although the process of …

The American Heart Association makes every effort to avoid any actual or potential conflicts
of interest that may arise as a result of an outside relationship or a personal, professional, or …

Pro-angiogenic growth factors have been studied as potential therapeutics for
cardiovascular diseases like critical limb ischemia (CLI). However, the translation of these …

Ischemic vascular remodeling occurs in response to stenosis or arterial occlusion leading to
a change in blood flow and tissue perfusion. Altered blood flow elicits a cascade of …