Simple Summary The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) is a major pest of corn,
managed successfully in North America since 1996 with transgenic Bt-corn. However …

Highlights•Gene flow via immigration affects local rate of resistance development.•Dispersal
dynamics affects rate of resistance spread from a resistant population.•Independent …

As development donors invest hundreds of millions of dollars into improved crops designed
to alleviate poverty and hunger, Africa has emerged as the final frontier in the global debate …

Abstract Pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) infestation on Bt cotton is a
major concern to cotton production in India. The genetic diversity and phylogeographic …

BACKGROUND Helicoverpa zea is a destructive pest and target of maize and cotton
expressing Cry and Vip3Aa proteins in North America. The efficacy of Cry proteins against …

The high‐dose/refuge strategy has been the primary approach for resistance management
in transgenic crops engineered with Bacillus thuringiensis toxins. However, there are …

Abstract Transgenic Bt maize expressing Cry insecticidal δ-endotoxins of Bacillus
thuringiensis has been cultivated in South Africa for the control of Busseola fusca since …

Highlights•Populations of pest insects can vary in voltinism and sexual communication
traits.•Clinal differences in circadian rhythm alleles impact local voltinism traits.•Male sexual …

Resistance evolution by target pests threatens the sustainability of Bt maize in Africa where
insect resistance management (IRM) strategies are faced by unique challenges. The …

BACKGROUND Resistance of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Cry1Ab was
documented in 2006, 7 years after the first cultivation of MON 810 in South Africa. This was …