Peripheral nerve interfaces (PNIs) record and/or modulate neural activity of nerves, which
are responsible for conducting sensory-motor information to and from the central nervous …

Realizing a clinical-grade electronic medicine for peripheral nerve disorders is challenging
owing to the lack of rational material design that mimics the dynamic mechanical nature of …

Discussion Meticulous data collection and outcomes assessment are critical to resolving
pitfalls of FGMT. Comprehensive facial paralysis outcomes assessments, which allow …

Objective This article describes a first attempt to generate a standardized and safe selective
surface electrostimulation (SES) protocol, including detailed instructions on electrode …

Purpose To evaluate optimal stimulation parameters with regard to discomfort and
tolerability for transcutaneous electrostimulation of facial muscles in healthy participants and …

Paralysis is a frequent phenomenon in many diseases, and to date, only functional electrical
stimulation (FES) mediated via the innervating nerve can be employed to restore skeletal …

Surface electromyography (EMG) allows reliable detection of muscle activity in all nine
intrinsic and extrinsic ear muscles during facial muscle movements. The ear muscles are …

This article highlights some of the modern-day advancements in facial reanimation surgery
including an update of timing of intervention, modifications to free gracilis muscle transfer as …

The intricate anatomy and physiology of cranial nerves have inspired clinicians and
scientists to study their roles in the nervous system. Damage to motor cranial nerves may …

Objective (a) To quantify longitudinal 3D changes in facial soft tissue movements in adults
with unilateral facial paralysis, and (b) to compare the patients' movements with an age‐and …