Investigation of contacts of patients with tuberculosis (TB) is a priority for TB control in high-
income countries, and is increasingly being considered in resource-limited settings. This …

Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis is a burgeoning global health crisis mainly affecting
economically active young adults, and has high mortality irrespective of HIV status. In some …

Background Drug-resistant tuberculosis threatens recent gains in the treatment of
tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection worldwide. A widespread …

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR)
tuberculosis (TB) substantially challenges TB control, especially in the European Region of …

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) remains a global crisis due to the increasing incidence
of drug-resistant forms of the disease, gaps in detection and prevention, models of care, and …

Around one third of the world's population may harbour latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI),
an asymptomatic immunological state that confers a heightened risk of subsequently …

The introduction of new rapid diagnostic tools for tuberculosis (TB) and the promising TB
drugs pipeline together with the development of a new World Health Organization Strategy …

Contact investigations among individuals living with drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients
(source cases) have shown a high yield of tuberculosis disease and latent tuberculosis, but …

Background The “fitness” of an infectious pathogen is defined as the ability of the pathogen
to survive, reproduce, be transmitted, and cause disease. The fitness of multidrug-resistant …

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is defined by the presence of detectable immune
responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens with no clinical evidence of active TB …