The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a bilateral communication network between the gastrointestinal
(GI) tract and the central nervous system. The essential amino acid tryptophan contributes to …

Depression is one of the leading causes of disability, and, if left unmanaged, it can increase
the risk for suicide. The evidence base on the determinants of depression is fragmented …

The importance of tryptophan as a precursor for neuroactive compounds has long been
acknowledged. The metabolism of tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway and its …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has poorer clinical outcomes in males than in
females, and immune responses underlie these sex-related differences. Because immune …

Growing evidence suggests that a dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway (KP) occurs in
bipolar disorder (BD). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at assessing the …

Objective Disturbances in the kynurenine pathway have been implicated in the
pathophysiology of psychotic and mood disorders, as well as several other psychiatric …

The studies of psychedelics, especially psychedelic tryptamines like psilocybin, are rapidly
gaining interest in neuroscience research. Much of this interest stems from recent clinical …

Major depression is a serious psychiatric disorder, occurring in up to 20% of the population.
Despite its devastating burden, the neurobiological changes associated with depression are …

The gut-brain communication is mostly driven by the immune, metabolic and neural
pathways which remained poorly explored in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). The …

Background Due to the rising cases of treatment-refractory affective disorders, the discovery
of newer therapeutic approaches is needed. In recent times, probiotics have garnered …