Glucose is an important fuel for contracting muscle, and normal glucose metabolism is vital
for health. Glucose enters the muscle cell via facilitated diffusion through the GLUT4 glucose …

GLUT4 is an insulin-regulated glucose transporter that is responsible for insulin-regulated
glucose uptake into fat and muscle cells. In the absence of insulin, GLUT4 is mainly found in …

Skeletal muscle is the major tissue disposing of dietary glucose, a function regulated by
insulin-elicited signals that impart mobilization of GLUT4 glucose transporters to the plasma …

One of the most important metabolic actions of insulin is catalysing glucose uptake into
skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. This is accomplished via activation of the …

Metformin, the first-line drug to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D), inhibits mitochondrial
glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase in the liver to suppress gluconeogenesis. However, the …

Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) is responsible for the uptake of glucose into muscle and
adipose tissues. Under resting conditions, GLUT4 is dynamically retained through idle …

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) enhances glucose transporter GLUT4 regulation.
AMPK also suppresses energy-consuming pathways such as cholesterol synthesis …

Adapting to changes in nutrient availability and environmental conditions is a fundamental
property of cells. This adaptation requires a multi‐directional coordination between …

Biodegradable nanomaterials have been widely used in numerous medical fields. To further
improve such efforts, this study focused on the intracellular disposition of chitosan …

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding to its receptor (EGFR) activates several signaling
intermediates, including Akt, leading to control of cell survival and metabolism …