Decisions tied to parole release, supervision, and revocation are major determinants of the
ebb and flow of prison populations across two-thirds of US states. We argue that parole …

This article argues that to explain American penal exceptionalism, we have to consider
America's exceptional levels of punishment together with America's exceptional levels of …

Over the past half-century, the number of adults under criminal justice supervision increased
precipitously in some Western countries, with carceral control in the United States reaching …

In recent years, increasing public attention has been drawn to the causes and
consequences the rapid expansion of imprisonment in the US to the point of mass …

This article reports the results of our census of standard conditions of parole throughout the
United States in 2020. Using in vivo qualitative content analysis, we coded standard …

Punishment research focuses heavily on mass incarceration and the" punitive turn" in the
United States. However, most individuals involved in the criminal legal system never spend …

While much research in community corrections examines ways in which direct supervision
can reduce recidivism, less is known about the role of paroling authorities in using or …

This chapter aims to look at the causes of mass imprisonment through two different lenses:
the micro and the macro. The micro approach looks at how the casual factors shape prison …

This chapter argues that with the ascendance of penal control, those subject to probation
and parole often experience their time under supervision as intrusive and punitive. The …