Exposure to stress during critical periods in development can have severe long-term
consequences, increasing overall risk on psychopathology. One of the key stress response …

Stressful experiences during early-life can modulate the genetic programming of specific
brain circuits underlying emotional and cognitive aspects of behavioral adaptation to …

Background Adaptation is key to survival. An organism must adapt to environmental
challenges in order to be able to thrive in the environment in which they find themselves …

Over the last decades of research there has been increasing interest in endocrine and
behavioral effects of postnatal environmental manipulations. A manipulation procedure that …

There is evidence that stressful events during the neonatal “stress hyporesponsive period”
may influence both emotional behavior and the maturation of the hypothalamic–pituitary …

The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is one of the physiological systems involved
in coping with stressors. There are functional shifts in the HPA axis and its regulation by sex …

Depression is one of the most common human illnesses and is of immense clinical and
economic significance. Knowledge of the neuro-psychology,-biology and-pharmacology of …

de Kloet ER, Sibug RM, Helmerhost FM, Schmidt M. Stress, genes and the mechanism of
programming the brain for later life. Neurosci Biobehav Rev XXX–XXX, 2005 adverse …

Several years ago Levine, Denenberg, Weininger, Ader, and others described the effects of
postnatal “handling” on the development of behavioral and endocrine responses to stress …

Survival of altricial infants depends on attachment to the caregiver–a process that requires
infants to identify, learn, remember, and approach their attachment figure. Here we review …