HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme that plays a major role in the replication cycle of
HIV and has been a key target of anti-HIV drug development efforts. Because of the high …

There are 16 approved human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) drugs belonging to
three mechanistic classes: protease inhibitors, nucleoside and nucleotide reverse …

Significant progress in understanding cancer pathogenesis, it remains one of the leading
causes of death after cardiovascular diseases. Similarly viral infections have emerged from …

Uracil is one of the most notable pharmacophores in medicinal chemistry as the pyrimidine
nucleobase forms an integral part of many commercial drugs. Though the name uracil is …

Antiretroviral therapy has led to a significant decrease in human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV)-related mortality. Approved antiretroviral drugs target different steps of the viral life …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors can be classified
into nucleoside and nonnucleoside RT inhibitors. Nucleoside RT inhibitors are converted to …

Nucleoside and nucleotide analogues are structurally similar antimetabolites and are
promising small‐molecule chemotherapeutic agents against various infectious DNA and …

Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) develops resistance to 3′-azido-2′, 3′-
deoxythymidine (AZT, zidovudine) by acquiring mutations in reverse transcriptase that …

Highlights•Discrimination and excision are major NRTI resistance mechanisms.•NRTIs used
in combination select different resistance mutations.•Complexes of NNRTI with RT-DNA in …

During ZDV or d4T exposure, mutations at codons 41, 67, 70, 210, 215, and 219 can be
selected and were named thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs). Some previous results …