Levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease: pathogenesis and emerging treatment strategies
The most commonly used treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD) is levodopa, prescribed in
conjunction with carbidopa. Virtually all patients with PD undergo dopamine replacement …
conjunction with carbidopa. Virtually all patients with PD undergo dopamine replacement …
Pathophysiology of L-dopa-induced motor and non-motor complications in Parkinson's disease
Involuntary movements, or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of levodopa (L-
dopa) therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) are ultimately …
dopa) therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) are ultimately …
Therapeutic potential of β-arrestin-and G protein-biased agonists
EJ Whalen, S Rajagopal, RJ Lefkowitz - Trends in molecular medicine, 2011 - cell.com
Members of the seven-transmembrane receptor (7TMR), or G protein-coupled receptor
(GPCR), superfamily represent some of the most successful targets of modern drug therapy …
(GPCR), superfamily represent some of the most successful targets of modern drug therapy …
Pathophysiology of parkinsonism
A Galvan, T Wichmann - Clinical neurophysiology, 2008 - Elsevier
The motor signs of Parkinson's disease are thought to result in large part from a reduction of
the level of dopamine in the basal ganglia. Over the last few years, many of the functional …
the level of dopamine in the basal ganglia. Over the last few years, many of the functional …
Molecular mechanisms of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia
P Jenner - Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2008 - nature.com
Abstract L-DOPA (l-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) remains the most effective drug for the
treatment of Parkinson's disease. However, chronic use causes dyskinesia, a complex motor …
treatment of Parkinson's disease. However, chronic use causes dyskinesia, a complex motor …
Inhibition of mTOR Signaling in Parkinson's Disease Prevents l-DOPA–Induced Dyskinesia
E Santini, M Heiman, P Greengard, E Valjent… - Science …, 2009 - science.org
Parkinson's disease (PD), a disorder caused by degeneration of the dopaminergic input to
the basal ganglia, is commonly treated with l-DOPA. Use of this drug, however, is severely …
the basal ganglia, is commonly treated with l-DOPA. Use of this drug, however, is severely …
G protein-coupled receptor kinases as regulators of dopamine receptor functions
EV Gurevich, RR Gainetdinov, VV Gurevich - Pharmacological research, 2016 - Elsevier
Actions of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain are mediated by dopamine receptors
that belong to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Mammals have five …
that belong to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Mammals have five …
[HTML][HTML] Dopamine D3 receptor: A neglected participant in Parkinson Disease pathogenesis and treatment?
P Yang, JS Perlmutter, TLS Benzinger, JC Morris… - Ageing research …, 2020 - Elsevier
Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-
motor symptoms which relentlessly and progressively lead to substantial disability and …
motor symptoms which relentlessly and progressively lead to substantial disability and …
Striatal and extrastriatal dopamine in the basal ganglia: an overview of its anatomical organization in normal and Parkinsonian brains
Y Smith, R Villalba - Movement disorders: official journal of the …, 2008 - Wiley Online Library
Degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system is the characteristic
neuropathological feature of Parkinson's disease and therapy is primarily based on a …
neuropathological feature of Parkinson's disease and therapy is primarily based on a …
Current drug treatments targeting dopamine D3 receptor
Dopamine receptors (DR) have been extensively studied, but only in recent years they
became object of investigation to elucidate the specific role of different subtypes (D1R, D2R …
became object of investigation to elucidate the specific role of different subtypes (D1R, D2R …