Masonry walls are bulky and heavy and have therefore the potential to act naturally as a
protective system to blasts. Yet, they are known to have a limited flexural and torsional …

Discrete element models are a powerful tool for the analysis of masonry, given their ability to
represent the discontinuous nature of these structures, and to simulate the most common …

Despite the vulnerability of unreinforced masonry (URM) structures to out-of-plane (OOP)
loading, computational methods that can efficiently simulate OOP failure at the building …

A unified formulation is presented for non-linear time history, static pushover and limit
analysis of historic masonry structures modelled as 2D assemblages of rigid blocks …

Unreinforced masonry structures, particularly façade walls, are seismically vulnerable due to
their weak connections with adjacent walls, floors, and/or roofs. During an earthquake, such …

Earthquake damage in historic masonry buildings is generally caused by the collapse of
individual portions that become detached form the structure and fail by overturning. These …

The overall seismic resistance of unreinforced masonry (URM) systems that exhibit box-
behavior mainly relies on the lateral force capacity of structural components. Despite the fact …

The corner failure is one of the most typical local mechanisms in masonry buildings
vulnerable to earthquakes. The seismic assessment of this mechanism is poorly studied in …

Out-of-plane collapse is one of the most important failure modes for masonry infill walls in
frame structures during earthquakes and may result in significant economic loss, blocked …

Structural failure of existing unreinforced masonry buildings, when subjected to earthquake
loading, is often caused by the out-of-plane response of masonry walls. Their out-of-plane …