Background: Virtual patients are interactive digital simulations of clinical scenarios for the
purpose of health professions education. There is no current collated evidence on the …

Background Endoscopy has traditionally been taught with novices practicing on real patients
under the supervision of experienced endoscopists. Recently, the growing awareness of the …

Abstract Problem In March 2020, the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) became a global
pandemic. Medical schools around the United States faced difficult decisions, temporarily …

Purpose Various smartphone-based virtual reality (VR) applications allow the users to view
360° videos of real or simulated places. A 360° VR is captured with a special camera that …

Virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR) are three different
technologies developed in the last decades of the 20th century. They combine hardware …

Background Tobacco smoking, one of the leading causes of preventable death and disease,
is associated with 7 million deaths every year. This is estimated to rise to more than 8 million …

Loneliness is a growing public health issue that substantially increases the risk of morbidity
and mortality. Artificial agents, such as robots, embodied conversational agents, and …

Computer-based learning has numerous advantages. It gives students the chance to
accommodate and solve problems independently, it can increase motivation during the …

Ethics of Virtual Reality in Medical Education and Licensure Page 1 Cambridge Quarterly of
Healthcare Ethics (2018), 27, 326–332. © Cambridge University Press 2018. doi:10.1017/S0963180117000652 …

Although VPs have been applied in various medical and dental education programmes, it
remains uncertain whether their design was based on specific instructional design (ID) …