Cognitive dysfunction in psychiatric disorders: characteristics, causes and the quest for improved therapy

MJ Millan, Y Agid, M Brüne, ET Bullmore… - Nature reviews Drug …, 2012 - nature.com
Studies of psychiatric disorders have traditionally focused on emotional symptoms such as
depression, anxiety and hallucinations. However, poorly controlled cognitive deficits are …

Gene× Environment interactions in autism spectrum disorders: role of epigenetic mechanisms

S Tordjman, E Somogyi, N Coulon, S Kermarrec… - Frontiers in …, 2014 - frontiersin.org
Several studies support currently the hypothesis that autism etiology is based on a polygenic
and epistatic model. However, despite advances in epidemiological, molecular and clinical …

Structure of a class C GPCR metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 bound to an allosteric modulator

H Wu, C Wang, KJ Gregory, GW Han, HP Cho, Y Xia… - Science, 2014 - science.org
The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate induces modulatory actions via the metabotropic
glutamate receptors (mGlus), which are class CG protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs). We …

Mutations causing syndromic autism define an axis of synaptic pathophysiology

BD Auerbach, EK Osterweil, MF Bear - Nature, 2011 - nature.com
Tuberous sclerosis complex and fragile X syndrome are genetic diseases characterized by
intellectual disability and autism. Because both syndromes are caused by mutations in …

Mechanisms of epileptogenesis and potential treatment targets

A Pitkänen, K Lukasiuk - The Lancet Neurology, 2011 - thelancet.com
Prevention of epileptogenesis after brain trauma is an unmet medical challenge. Recent
molecular profiling studies have provided an insight into molecular changes that contribute …

Intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders: causal genes and molecular mechanisms

AK Srivastava, CE Schwartz - Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2014 - Elsevier
Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are the most common
developmental disorders present in humans. Combined, they affect between 3 and 5% of …

The pathophysiology of fragile X (and what it teaches us about synapses)

AL Bhakar, G Dölen, MF Bear - Annual review of neuroscience, 2012 - annualreviews.org
Fragile X is the most common known inherited cause of intellectual disability and autism,
and it typically results from transcriptional silencing of FMR1 and loss of the encoded …

[HTML][HTML] Multiple autism-linked genes mediate synapse elimination via proteasomal degradation of a synaptic scaffold PSD-95

NP Tsai, JR Wilkerson, W Guo, MA Maksimova… - Cell, 2012 - cell.com
The activity-dependent transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) induces
excitatory synapse elimination in mouse neurons, which requires fragile X mental …

Parkinson's disease therapeutics: new developments and challenges since the introduction of levodopa

Y Smith, T Wichmann, SA Factor… - …, 2012 - nature.com
The demonstration that dopamine loss is the key pathological feature of Parkinson's disease
(PD), and the subsequent introduction of levodopa have revolutionalized the field of PD …

A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of minocycline in children and adolescents with fragile x syndrome

MJS Leigh, DV Nguyen, Y Mu, TI Winarni… - … of developmental & …, 2013 - journals.lww.com
Objective: Minocycline rescued synaptic abnormalities and improved behavior in the fragile
X mouse model. Previous open-label human studies demonstrated benefits in individuals …