Cardiac fibrosis describes the inappropriate proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), leading
to accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the cardiac muscle, which is found …

Fibrosis plays an important role in many different pathologies. It results from tissue injury,
chronic inflammation, autoimmune reactions and genetic alterations, and it is characterized …

Exosomes are a group of extracellular microvesicles that deliver biologically active RNAs,
proteins, lipids and other signaling molecules to recipient cells. Classically, exosomes act as …

Organ fibrosis represents a dysregulated, maladaptive wound repair response that results in
progressive disruption of normal tissue architecture leading to detrimental deterioration in …

Cardiac fibrosis is closely related to multiple cardiovascular system diseases, and
noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and microRNA …

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance has been utilized in the management and care of
pediatric patients for nearly 40 years. It has evolved to become an invaluable tool in the …

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has become an essential technique for
the assessment of cardiac function and morphology, and is now routinely used to monitor …

Abnormal cardiac development has been observed in individuals with Cornelia de Lange
syndrome (CdLS) due to mutations in genes encoding members of the cohesin complex …

Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) develops in response to the chronic exposure of the left
ventricle and left atrium to elevated systemic blood pressure. Left ventricular structural …

Cardiac fibrosis is a common phenomenon in different types of heart diseases, such as
ischemic heart disease, inherited cardiomyopathy mutations, diabetes, and ageing and is …