The airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are nearly always infected with many
different microorganisms. This environment offers warm, humid and nutrient-rich conditions …

The distribution of fitness effects (DFE) of new mutations is a fundamental entity in genetics
that has implications ranging from the genetic basis of complex disease to the stability of the …

To estimate the number and diversity of beneficial mutations, we experimentally evolved 115
populations of Escherichia coli to 42.2° C for 2000 generations and sequenced one genome …

Epistatic interactions between mutations play a prominent role in evolutionary theories.
Many studies have found that epistasis is widespread, but they have rarely considered …

Although the operation of natural selection requires that genotypes differ in fitness, some
geneticists may find it easier to understand natural selection than fitness. Partly this reflects …

In experimental evolution, laboratory-controlled conditions select for the adaptation of
species, which can be monitored in real time. Despite the current popularity of such …

Adaptation proceeds through the selection of mutations. The distribution of mutant fitness
effect and the forces shaping this distribution are therefore keys to predict the evolutionary …

The accumulation of data on the genomic bases of adaptation has triggered renewed
interest in theoretical models of adaptation. Among these models, Fisher's geometric model …

Understanding how populations adapt to abrupt environmental change is necessary to
predict responses to future challenges, but identifying specific adaptive variants, quantifying …

There is reason to suspect that hidden reaction norms (variation that is phenotypically
expressed only after changes in internal or external environmental conditions) may store an …