Over centuries of plant morphological research, biologists have enthusiastically explored
how distinct vascular arrangements have diversified. These investigations have focused on …

Lianas (woody vines) have a critical role in ecosystem dynamics, especially in the tropics. At
present, there is an increasing need to develop reliable methods to measure liana's growth …

Abstract Background and Aims The tribe Paullinieae has the highest diversity of vascular
variants among the seed plants. The developmental diversity is better understood in the …

Background Phloem wedges furrowing the wood are one of the most notorious, widespread
types of cambial variants in Angiosperms. Many lianas in Malpighiaceae show these …

Argyreia is one of the dominant genera of the family Convolvulaceae and is mainly
distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent …

Premise Polishing entire stem and root samples is an effective method for studying their
anatomy; however, polishing fresh samples to preserve woods with soft tissues or barks is …

Abstract In Sapindaceae tribe Paullinieae, most genera contain species with cambial
variants, and five types have been commonly described. However, new, undescribed …

Deviations in the regular pattern of secondary growth have occurred multiple times over the
history of woody plants and these have been treated under the term cambial variant. Here …

The liana genus Paullinia L. is one of the most speciose in the neotropics and is unusual in
its diversity of stem macromorphologies and cambial conformations. These so-called …

In the present study, development of trilobed stem is investigated in Distimake tuberosus
(Convolvulaceae) by histological methods. Increase in stem thickness and formation of …