Young children who experience early adversity are at risk for problems regulating emotions,
behavior, and physiology, which in turn place them at risk for later psychopathology, school …

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a long-
term impact on functioning, productivity and quality of life of patients. This impact is largely …

The dimensional change card sort (DCCS) is an easily administered and widely used
measure of executive function that is suitable for use with participants across a wide range of …

There is controversy over the nature of the disturbance in brain development that underpins
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In particular, it is unclear whether the …

Cognitive shifting is the ability to adapt to changes in the environment. Extensive research
has revealed that the prefrontal cortex plays an important role in cognitive shifting. Adult …

Objective: Set shifting, or cognitive flexibility, is a core executive function involving the ability
to quickly and efficiently shift back and forth between mental sets. Meta-analysis suggests …

In this chapter, we examine how language relates to executive function (EF) in preschoolers.
EF consists of higher cognitive functions that are involved in the control of thought, action …

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention, impulsivity,
and hyperactivity mediated by frontal-striatal-cerebellar dysfunction. These circuits support …

Questions persist regarding the presentation of bipolar disorder (BD) in youth and the
nosological significance of irritability. Of particular interest is whether severe mood …

BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is defined as the most
common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood, but an objective diagnostic test is not …