Abstract Haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1), an inducible enzyme responsible for the breakdown of
haem, is primarily considered an antioxidant, and has long been overlooked by …

Systems medicine has a mechanism-based rather than a symptom-or organ-based
approach to disease and identifies therapeutic targets in a nonhypothesis-driven manner. In …

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is highly prevalent in humans and can reach the brain
without evident clinical symptoms. Once in the central nervous system (CNS), the virus can …

Heme oxygenase (HO) is the primary antioxidant enzyme involved in heme group
degradation. A variety of stimuli triggers the expression of the inducible HO-1 isoform, which …

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the loss of homeostatic functions that
control redox and energy metabolism, neuroinflammation, and proteostasis. The …

Anthocyanins, a class of water soluble flavonoids extracted from plants like berries and
soybean seed, have been shown to display obvious anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and …

The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1 (IL-1) is crucially involved in the pathogenesis of
multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis …

SARS-CoV-2 is causing a pandemic resulting in high morbidity and mortality. COVID-19
patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are often critically ill and …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurologic autoimmune disorder featured by chronic
inflammation of the central nervous system, demyelination and axonal damage. Recently …

The heme oxygenase (HO) system is believed to be a crucial mechanism for the nervous
system under stress conditions. HO degrades heme to carbon monoxide, iron, and …