There has been a revolution in nanotechnology and nanomedicine. Since 1980, there has
been a remarkable increase in approved nano-based pharmaceutical products. These novel …

Graphene was first discovered as a sheet structure mechanically exfoliated from a block of
graphite, but in recent years researchers have extended their investigations into this two …

Smart drug delivery nano-systems show significant changes in their physical or chemical
properties in response to slight change in environmental physical and/or chemical signals …

Advancements in biotechnology and protein engineering expand the availability of various
therapeutic proteins including vaccines, antibodies, hormones, and growth factors. In …

Polymersomes are vesicular nanostructures enclosed by a bilayer-membrane self-
assembled from amphiphilic block copolymers, which exhibit higher stability compared with …

Liposomes are known to be promising nanoparticles (NPs) for drug delivery applications.
Among the different types of self-assembled NPs, liposomes stand out for their non-toxic …

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles are promising candidates to deliver proteins, antibodies,
and anticancer drugs and to be served as an adsorbent of various types of substrate. Herein …

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) include more than 600 types of nervous system
disorders in humans that impact tens of millions of people worldwide. Estimates by the World …

Background Smart materials capable of responding to external stimuli are noteworthy
candidates in designing drug delivery systems. In many of the recent research, temperature …

Since Staudinger's recognition that polymers were long chain molecules with covalent
bonds between repeating units, the field has evolved tremendously. In addition to their many …