Artificial life attempts to understand the essential general properties of living systems by
synthesizing life-like behavior in software, hardware and biochemicals. As many of the …

We review the applications of artificial life (ALife), the creation of synthetic life on computers
to study, simulate, and understand living systems. The definition and features of ALife are …

One of the main limitations of scalability in body-brain evolution systems is the
representation chosen for encoding creatures. This paper defines a class of representations …

Developmental robotics is also known as epigenetic robotics. We propose in this paper that
there is one substantial difference between developmental robotics and epigenetic robotics …

We analyze the effect of different genetic encodings used for evolving three-dimensional
agents with physical morphologies. The complex phenotypes used in such systems often …

This article presents a high-level conceptual framework to help orient the discussion and
implementation of open-endedness in evolutionary systems. Drawing upon earlier work by …

We present a system that can evolve the morphology and the controller of virtual walking
and block-throwing creatures (catapults) using a genetic algorithm. The system is based on …

In this thesis the class of generative representations is defined and it is shown that this class
of representations improves the scalability of evolutionary design systems by automatically …

Salamanders are acknowledged to be the closest postural model of early tetrapods and are
capable of walking both in a terrestrial environment and while submerged under water …

The evolutionary-aided design process is a method to find solutions to design and
optimisation problems. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are applied to search for optimal …