The adaptive immune response is a major determinant of the clinical outcome after SARS-
CoV-2 infection and underpins vaccine efficacy. T cell responses develop early and …

A large body of evidence generated in the last two and a half years addresses the roles of T
cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection and following vaccination. Infection or vaccination induces …

Vertebrate immune systems suppress viral infection using both innate restriction factors and
adaptive immunity. Viruses mutate to escape these defenses, driving hosts to counterevolve …

Molecular mimicry between viral antigens and host proteins can produce cross-reacting
antibodies leading to autoimmunity. The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causes COVID-19, a …

Background Nursing home (NH) residents have borne a disproportionate share of SARS-
CoV-2 morbidity and mortality. Vaccines have limited hospitalisation and death from earlier …

SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell response has been proven essential for viral clearance, COVID-
19 outcome and long-term memory. Impaired early T cell-driven immunity leads to a severe …

A comprehensive analysis of the humoral immune response to the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is essential in understanding COVID-19 …

Background: Control of the COVID-19 pandemic will rely on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-elicited
antibodies to protect against emerging and future variants; an understanding of the unique …

Simple Summary Determining the exposure or infection history of a person to a multitude of
viruses is not an easy task. Typically, antibody tests detect antibodies against proteins …

Memory T cells form from the adaptive immune response to historic infections or
vaccinations. Some memory T cells have the potential to recognise unrelated pathogens like …