The fastest known reactions include reactions catalyzed by enzymes, but the rate
enhancements that enzymes produce had not been fully appreciated until recently. In the …

Diverse engineering strategies have been developed to create enzymes with novel catalytic
activities. Among these, computational approaches hold particular promise. Enzymes have …

This Handbook on Metalloproteins focuses on the available structural information of proteins
and their metal ion coordination spheres. It centers on the metal ions indispensable for life …

The members of the mechanistically diverse enolase superfamily catalyze different overall
reactions. Each shares a partial reaction in which an active site base abstracts the α-proton …

The rates of enzyme reactions fall within a relatively narrow range. To estimate the rate
enhancements produced by enzymes, and their expected affinities for transition state analog …

Designing artificial systems with catalytic efficiencies to rival those of natural enzymes is one
of the great challenges facing science today. Our current level of understanding fails the …

HYDROLASES 236 4.1. Peptide Bonds 2364.1. 1. Carboxypeptidases 236 4.1. 2.
Aminopeptidases 236 4.1. 3. p21ras 2384.2. Phosphatases 238 4.2. 1. Inositol …

The viability of living systems requires that C H bonds of biological molecules be stable in
water, but that there also be a mechanism for shortening the timescale for their heterolytic …

Two independent investigations of catalysis by BSA and other serum albumins are
combined to provide detailed insight into the mechanism of a classical proton-transfer …

Mandelate racemase (MR) catalyses the Mg2+-dependent interconversion of (R)-and (S)-
mandelate. To effect catalysis, MR stabilizes the altered substrate in the transition state (TS) …