Snow is the largest component of the cryosphere, with its cover and distribution rapidly
decreasing over the last decade due to climate warming. It is imperative to characterize the …

Lichens are a diverse group of organisms. They are both commonly observed but also
mysterious. It has long been known that lichens are composite symbiotic associations of at …

A core vulnerability in symbioses is the need for coordination between the symbiotic
partners, which are often assumed to be closely physiologically integrated. We critically re …

Lichen symbiosis is centered around a relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic
microbe, usually a green alga. In addition to their main photosynthetic partner (the …

Mutualistic symbioses have contributed to major transitions in the evolution of life. Here, we
investigate the evolutionary history and the molecular innovations at the origin of lichens …

Publications on the lichens of Alaska go back 182 years, but a modern, comprehensive
review of literature on the diversity of Alaskan lichens has been lacking. We present a …

A checklist of Lichen-forming, Lichenicolous and Allied Fungi of Ecuador is presented with a
total of 2599 species, of which 39 are reported for the first time from the country. The names …

Chemosynthetic symbioses between sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and aquatic eukaryotes have
been discovered globally in sulfide-rich environments, notably deep-sea hydrothermal …

Microbiome research has grown substantially over the past decade in terms of the range of
biomes sampled, identified taxa, and the volume of data derived from the samples. In …

The use of culture independent molecular methods, often referred to as metagenomics, have
revolutionized the ability to explore and characterize microbial communities from diverse …