The increased demands of our rapidly developing way of life lead to the broadening of the
ceramic market among other effects. Due to the advanced ceramic properties of halloysite …

Magnesium aluminate (MA) is a spinel group of material and rarely available in nature. It
exhibits several advantageous thermal, thermo-mechanical, optical, chemical properties …

This work aims to study and improve the sintering, mechanical and refractory properties of
magnesium aluminate spinel, magnesia–spinel and alumina–spinel refractory bodies …

Synthesis of binary magnesium–transition metal oxides, MgM 2 O 4 (M: Cr, Mn, Fe, Co) and
MgNiO 2, was performed by calcination at relatively low temperatures of 500 and 750 C for …

The microstructure and phase composition of alumina–spinel self-flowing refractory
castables added with nano-alumina particles at different temperatures are investigated. The …

Microstructural features and improvements on the mechanical properties and thermal shock
behaviours of MgO–spinel composite refractories with ZrO2 addition were examined. ZrO2 …

Nature has various hierarchical structural materials, which show a high work of fracture
despite the brittle characteristics of most of their constituents. This aspect is mainly a …

The industrial application of alumina-spinel refractory castables has crucial requirements on
the service performance. Thus, the effects of different sized desilicated zirconia particles on …

Bauxite-and alumina-based spinels were employed as refractory aggregates, and sintered
magnesia fine powder, calcium aluminate cement, microsilica, and activated α-Al 2 O 3 were …

Abstract The Ruhrstahl-Heraeus (RH) snorkel is one of the most important parts of the RH
furnace, which is the primary facility for producing high-quality steel. The magnesia-spinel …