As bees' main source of protein and lipids, pollen is critical for their development,
reproduction, and health. Plant species vary considerably in the macronutrient content of …

Predictive modelling tools can be used to support the design of agricultural landscapes to
promote pollinator biodiversity and pollination services. Despite the proliferation of such …

The plight of the western bumble bee (Bombus occidentalis) is a compelling, cautionary tale
for the future of wild bee species under anthropogenic global change. Once a common …

The use of agricultural neonicotinoid insecticides has sub-lethal chronic effects on bees that
are more prevalent than acute toxicity. Among these insecticides, thiacloprid, a commonly …

Mounting evidence of bumble bee declines and the listing of the rusty patched bumble bee
(Bombus affinis Cresson) as federally endangered in the United States in 2017 and Canada …

Plant–pollinator interactions evolved early in the angiosperm radiation. Ongoing
environmental changes are however leading to pollinator declines that may cause pollen …

Insect pollinators, especially bumblebees are rapidly declining from their natural habitat in
the mountain and temperate regions of the world due to climate change and other …

Nearly one-quarter of bumble bee species assessed by the International Union for the
Conservation of Nature are considered to be in decline, necessitating monitoring to support …

While many studies on insect diversity report declines, others show stable, fluctuating or
increasing trends. For a thorough understanding of insect trends and their effects on …

Pesticide exposure is an important driver of bee declines. Laboratory toxicity tests provide
baseline information on the potential effects of pesticides on bees, but current risk …