Vital internal organs display a left-right (LR) asymmetric arrangement that is established
during embryonic development. Disruption of this LR asymmetry—or laterality—can result in …

Macroautophagy/autophagy is a self-degradative process necessary for cells to maintain
their energy balance during development and in response to nutrient deprivation …

Motile cilia are miniature, propeller-like extensions, emanating from many cell types across
the body. Their coordinated beating generates a directional fluid flow, which is essential for …

Motile cilia are hair-like cell extensions that beat periodically to generate fluid flow along
various epithelial tissues within the body. In dense multiciliated carpets, cilia were shown to …

Cilia are hair-like membrane protrusions that emanate from the surface of most vertebrate
cells and are classified into motile and primary cilia. Motile cilia move fluid flow or propel …

Rab and Arl guanine nucleotide‐binding (G) proteins regulate trafficking pathways essential
for the formation, function and composition of primary cilia, which are sensory devices …

The systematic breaking of left–right body symmetry is a familiar feature of human
physiology. In humans and many animals, this process originates with asymmetric fluid flow …

Prominins (proms) are transmembrane glycoproteins conserved throughout the animal
kingdom. They are associated with plasma membrane protrusions, such as primary cilia, as …

Cilia are best known and most studied for their manifold functions enabling proper
embryonic development. Loss of cilia or dysfunction thereof results in a great variety of …

Laterality of inner organs is a wide-spread characteristic of vertebrates and beyond. It is
ultimately controlled by the left-asymmetric activation of the Nodal signaling cascade in the …