Background Prenatal adverse environments can cause fetal intrauterine growth retardation
(IUGR) and higher susceptibility to multiple diseases after birth, related to multi-organ …

The spreading knowledge of the health benefits of coffee and the development of
gastronomy with a wide range of coffees prompt an evaluation of their caffeine content in …

Caffeine is a psychoactive substance that may affect the normal course of pregnancy,
therefore its intake during that time should not exceed 200 mg/day. The aim of this study was …

Objective: Caffeine is one of the oldest natural substances consumed by people. Its
consumption in Poland has not been well described. The aim of this study was to design and …

The present study was developed to evaluate the caffeine concentration in commercially
high-consumed brands of dry black tea, urine of tea consumers, raw and treated wastewater …

This study aimed to assess the content of caffeine and its metabolites—paraxanthine,
theophylline, and theobromine—in breast milk according to selected factors. Samples of …

Background & aims Caffeine is commonly consumed by pregnant and breastfeeding
women. The maximum safe dose of caffeine in their diet is 200 mg per day, according to the …

Background Substance use during pregnancy remained to be public health concern. Excess
caffeine consumption and khat chewing during pregnancy have multiple preventable effects …

The scientific literature indicates that there is a limited number of data on the content of
bioactive components in coffees consumed “on the go”. Therefore, this study examined the …

Maternal nutrition during gestation has been investigated for its role in child
neurodevelopment. However, little is known about the potential impact of gestational …