Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a critical member of the neurotrophic family, plays
an important role in multiple stress-related mental disorders. Although alterations in BDNF in …

Adolescence represents a critical period for brain and behavioural health and characterised
by the onset of mood, psychotic and anxiety disorders. In rodents, neurogenesis is very …

Regular treadmill running during adolescence improves learning and memory in rats.
During adolescence, the baseline level of stress is thought to be greater than during other …

Severe and prolonged stress is the main environmental factor that precipitates depression,
anxiety and cognitive dysfunctions. On the other hand, exposure to environmental …

Neurotrophins and other growth factors have been advanced as critical modulators of
depressive behavior. Support for this model is based on analyses of knockout and …

The hippocampus is a primary area for contextual memory, known to process spatiotemporal
information within a specific episode. Long-term strengthening of glutamatergic transmission …

Abstract Introduction During the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic, face masks have become one of
the most important ubiquitous factors affecting human breathing. It increases the resistance …

Animal models of posttraumatic stress disorder are useful tools to reveal the neurobiological
basis of the vulnerability to traumatic events, and to develop new treatment strategies, as …

Stress may promote emotional and cognitive disturbances, which differ by sex. Adverse
outcomes, including memory disturbances, are typically observed following chronic stress …

Disruptions in early life care, including neglect, extreme poverty, and trauma, influence
neural development and increase the risk for and severity of pathology. Significant sex …