Coral reef declines have been recorded for all major tropical ocean basins since the 1980s,
averaging approximately 30-50% reductions in reef cover globally. These losses are a result …

Coastal wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems in the world. They generate
critical services for humans including shoreline protection, carbon storage, pollution …

The application and interpretation of statistics are central to ecological study and practice.
Ecologists are now asking more sophisticated questions than in the past. These new …

What determines the assembly and stability of complex communities is a central question in
ecology. Past work has suggested that mutualistic interactions are inherently destabilizing …

Understanding mechanisms that generate range limits is central to knowing why species are
found where they are and how they will respond to environmental change. There is growing …

Most organisms interact with multiple mutualistic species that confer different functional
benefits, yet current conceptual frameworks do not fully address this complexity. A network …

While all species interact with multiple mutualists, the fitness consequences and molecular
mechanisms underlying these interactions remain largely unknown. We combined factorial …

Ecology plays a central role in the management and conservation of ecosystems. However,
as coral restoration emerges as an increasingly popular method of confronting the global …

Close heterospecific associations are ubiquitous in most if not all biotic communities. These
associations vary widely in character, and can include a wide range of morphological …

In protection mutualisms, defensive symbionts protect their hosts from natural enemies,
including parasites. Protection mutualisms were historically considered rare ecological …