In vivo two-photon calcium imaging (2PCI) is a technique used for recording neuronal
activity in the intact brain. It is based on the principle that, when neurons fire action …

Calcium ions generate versatile intracellular signals that control key functions in all types of
neurons. Imaging calcium in neurons is particularly important because calcium signals exert …

Advances in optical manipulation and observation of neural activity have set the stage for
widespread implementation of closed-loop and activity-guided optical control of neural …

Studies of visual processing in rodents have conventionally been performed on
anesthetized animals, precluding examination of the effects of behavior on visually evoked …

Comprehensive measurement of neural activity remains challenging due to the large
numbers of neurons in each brain area. We used volumetric two-photon imaging in mice …

Extracting neuronal spiking activity from large-scale two-photon recordings remains
challenging, especially in mammals in vivo, where large noises often contaminate the …

Olfactory perception is initiated by the recognition of odorants by a large repertoire of
receptors in the sensory epithelium. A dispersed pattern of neural activity in the nose is …

The advent of unbiased recording and imaging techniques to evaluate firing activity across
neocortical neurons has revealed substantial heterogeneity in response properties in vivo …

The vast computational power of the brain has traditionally been viewed as arising from the
complex connectivity of neural networks, in which an individual neuron acts as a simple …

Two-photon calcium imaging of neuronal populations enables optical recording of spiking
activity in living animals, but standard laser scanners are too slow to accurately determine …