In chronic infections and cancer, T cells are exposed to persistent antigen and/or
inflammatory signals. This scenario is often associated with the deterioration of T cell …

Inhibitors of the Programmed Cell Death 1: Programmed Cell Death 1 ligand 1 (PD-1: PD-
L1) pathway, a central regulator of T cell exhaustion, have been recently shown to be …

ABSTRACT T cell exhaustion and loss of memory potential occur during many chronic viral
infections and cancer. We investigated when during chronic viral infection virus-specific CD8 …

This book grew out of a scientific review, originally published in Microbiological Reviews. It
has been updated and expanded-now citing more than 2100 references (100 pages of the …

Memory T cells can persist for extended periods in the absence of antigen, and long-term T
cell immunity is often seen after acute infections. Paradoxically, there have been …

Clearance of primary infection often leads to the development of highly functional memory T
cells capable of rapid and long-lasting protective immunity. By contrast, chronic infections …

Efficient maintenance of memory CD8 T cells is central to long-term protective immunity. IL-7–
and IL-15–driven homeostatic proliferation is essential for long-term memory CD8 T cell …

Virus-specific CD8+ T cells are associated with declining viremia in acute human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 infection, but do not correlate with control of viremia in …

Early events during acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection are critical
in determining the course of disease progression. Cells of the innate and adaptive immune …

Objective: To compare the magnitude, breadth and protein specificity of HIV-1-specific CD8
T-cell responses against the clade B consensus sequence during primary and chronic HIV-1 …