Purpose Muscle, tendon, and muscle–tendon unit (MTU) stiffness as well as passive peak
torque (PPT) or delayed stretching pain sensation are typical explanatory approaches for …

Aging, a universal and inevitable process, is characterized by a progressive accumulation of
physiological alterations and functional decline over time, leading to increased vulnerability …

Background When recommending avoidance of static stretching prior to athletic
performance, authors and practitioners commonly refer to available systematic reviews …

Introduction Balance is a multifactorial construct with high relevance in, eg, everyday life
activities. Apart from sensorimotor control, muscle strength and size are positively linked with …

The mechanisms underlying range of motion enhancements via flexibility training discussed
in the literature show high heterogeneity in research methodology and study findings. In …

Context: Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching (PNFS) is suggested to
improve the range of motion and flexibility as an active warm-up. Recently, the foam rolling …

Background This study aimed to compare and examine the local and non-local effects of a
foam rolling (FR) and static stretching (SS) intervention applied to the plantar flexor (PF) …

The rise of sport climbing as a popular Olympic sport has underscored the need for optimal
warm-up regimes, especially for rock climbers. This randomized, counterbalanced crossover …

Introduction Self-massage using a foam roller (foam rolling) is effective for increasing range
of motion (ROM). However, the independent effects of pressure stimulation and voluntary …

Purpose: Stretch-induced force deficit suggests an acute stretch-specific strength capacity
loss, which is commonly attributed to EMG reductions. Since those deficits could also be …