White-box vs. black-box complexity of search problems: Ramsey and graph property testing

I Komargodski, M Naor, E Yogev - Journal of the ACM (JACM), 2019 - dl.acm.org
Ramsey theory assures us that in any graph there is a clique or independent set of a certain
size, roughly logarithmic in the graph size. But how difficult is it to find the clique or …

Finding a Nash equilibrium is no easier than breaking Fiat-Shamir

AR Choudhuri, P Hubáček, C Kamath… - Proceedings of the 51st …, 2019 - dl.acm.org
The Fiat-Shamir heuristic transforms a public-coin interactive proof into a non-interactive
argument, by replacing the verifier with a cryptographic hash function that is applied to the …

The complexity of splitting necklaces and bisecting ham sandwiches

A Filos-Ratsikas, PW Goldberg - Proceedings of the 51st Annual ACM …, 2019 - dl.acm.org
We resolve the computational complexity of two problems known as Necklace Splitting and
Discrete Ham Sandwich, showing that they are PPA-complete. For Necklace Splitting, this …

Consensus halving is PPA-complete

A Filos-Ratsikas, PW Goldberg - Proceedings of the 50th Annual ACM …, 2018 - dl.acm.org
We show that the computational problem Consensus Halving is PPA-Complete, the first PPA-
Completeness result for a problem whose definition does not involve an explicit circuit. We …

[PDF][PDF] Total functions in the polynomial hierarchy

R Kleinberg, O Korten, D Mitropolsky… - 12th Innovations in …, 2021 - drops.dagstuhl.de
We identify several genres of search problems beyond NP for which existence of solutions is
guaranteed. One class that seems especially rich in such problems is PEPP (for" polynomial …

Explicit codes for poly-size circuits and functions that are hard to sample on low entropy distributions

R Shaltiel, J Silbak - Proceedings of the 56th Annual ACM Symposium …, 2024 - dl.acm.org
Codes for poly-size circuits: Guruswami and Smith (J. ACM 2016) considered codes for
channels that are poly-size circuits which modify at most ap-fraction of the bits of the …

PPP-completeness with connections to cryptography

K Sotiraki, M Zampetakis… - 2018 IEEE 59th Annual …, 2018 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Polynomial Pigeonhole Principle (PPP) is an important subclass of TFNP with profound
connections to the complexity of the fundamental cryptographic primitives: collision-resistant …

Non-malleable codes with optimal rate for poly-size circuits

M Ball, R Shaltiel, J Silbak - … International Conference on the Theory and …, 2024 - Springer
We give an explicit construction of non-malleable codes with rate 1-o (1) for the tampering
class of poly-size circuits. This rate is optimal, and improves upon the previous explicit …

Towards a unified complexity theory of total functions

PW Goldberg, CH Papadimitriou - Journal of Computer and System …, 2018 - Elsevier
The class TFNP, of NP search problems where all instances have solutions, appears not to
have complete problems. However, TFNP contains various syntactic subclasses and …

Statistically sender-private OT from LPN and derandomization

N Bitansky, S Freizeit - Annual International Cryptology Conference, 2022 - Springer
We construct a two-message oblivious transfer protocol with statistical sender privacy (SSP
OT) based on the Learning Parity with Noise (LPN) Assumption and a standard Nisan …