Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the leading cause of death due to infection, has a dynamic and
immunomodulatory cell envelope. The cell envelope structurally and functionally varies …

Insufficient development of new antibiotics and the rising resistance of bacteria to those that
we have are putting the world at risk of losing the most widely curative class of medicines …

Highlights•Incidence of lung disease caused by non-TB mycobacteria (NTM) is
increasing.•Current treatments are ineffective.•There is an urgent need to establish a drug …

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health threat, killing nearly 2 million individuals around
this globe, annually. The only vaccine, developed almost a century ago, provides limited …

Abstract Treatment of tuberculosis (TB) has been a therapeutic challenge because of not
only the naturally high resistance level of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antibiotics but also …

Immunological tests provide evidence of latent tuberculosis in one third of the global
population, which corresponds to more than two billion individuals. Latent tuberculosis is …

Persistent infections involving slow-growing or non-growing bacteria are hard to treat with
antibiotics that target biosynthetic processes in growing cells. Consequently, there is a need …

Certain bacterial pathogens are able to evade the host immune system and persist within
the human host. The consequences of persistent bacterial infections potentially include …

All microorganisms are exposed to periodic stresses that inhibit growth. Many bacteria and
fungi weather these periods by entering a hardy, nonreplicating state, often termed …

The formation and persistence of surface-attached microbial communities, known as
biofilms, are responsible for 75% of human microbial infections (National Institutes of …