1. BACKGROUND 1.1. Why Condensed Matter Matters: Types and Significance of
Condensed Matter and Surfaces Encountered in the Atmospheric Environment The …

Snow in the environment acts as a host to rich chemistry and provides a matrix for physical
exchange of contaminants within the ecosystem. The goal of this review is to summarise the …

The role of ice in the formation of chemically active halogens in the environment requires a
full understanding because of its role in atmospheric chemistry, including controlling the …

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the strongest light-absorbing component of seawater,
especially in coastal regions, and therefore it plays a dominant role in marine photochemical …

Solar radiation was overwhelmingly the largest source of energy on the early Earth. Energy
provided by the Sun has the potential to access different chemistries than energy provided …

The physical, chemical, and biological processes involving organics in ice in the
environment impact a number of atmospheric and biogeochemical cycles. Organic material …

Snow is a very active photochemical reactor that considerably affects the composition and
chemistry of the lower troposphere in polar regions. Snow photochemistry models have …

Bromine radicals (Br·) cause ozone depletion and mercury deposition in the Arctic
atmospheric boundary layer, following Polar sunrise. These Br radicals are primarily formed …

Snowpacks contain a wide variety of inorganic and organic compounds, including some that
absorb sunlight and undergo direct photoreactions. How the rates of these reactions in, and …

In this study, we provide evidence that dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important
role in indirect photolysis processes in ice, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and …