We consider a cooperative vehicle routing problem for surveillance and reconnaissance
missions with communication constraints between the vehicles. We propose a framework …

This paper considers a cooperative vehicle routing problem for an intelligence, surveillance,
and reconnaissance mission in the presence of communication constraints between the …

In this article, a solution is proposed through a population-based metaheuristic for the Two-
level Hub Location Routing Problem with Directed Tours (THLRP-DT). Hubs are facilities …

This paper presents a new concept for a hub-and-spoke network structure, called “sub-hub”,
applied to global operations of liner shipping. Hub-and-spoke networks are widely used in …

In many real-world situations, the beneficiaries of a distribution system may be grouped into
clusters, requiring a transportation structure to serve each cluster of beneficiaries efficiently …

This paper approaches the problem of designing a two-level network protected against
single-edge failures. The problem simultaneously decides on the partition of the set of nodes …

This article considers the problem of designing a two‐level network where the upper level
consists of a backbone ring network connecting the so‐called hub nodes, and the lower …

Nowadays, fiber-optic due to having greater bandwidth and being more efficient compared
with other similar technologies, are counted as one the most important tools for data transfer …

The motivation behind this study is the essential need for survivability in the
telecommunications networks. An optical signal should find its destination even if the …

We address the problem of designing two-level networks protected against single edge
failures. A set of nodes must be partitioned into terminals and hubs, hubs must be connected …