Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its inflammatory and often progressive subtype
nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are becoming the leading cause of liver-related …

Adiponectin is the richest adipokine in human plasma, and it is mainly secreted from white
adipose tissue. Adiponectin circulates in blood as high-molecular, middle-molecular, and …

The global obesity epidemic is a major contributor to chronic disease and disability in the
world today. Since the discovery of leptin in 1994, a multitude of studies have characterized …

Adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) has been appreciated for its critical contribution to
obesity-associated metabolic diseases in recent years. Here, we discuss the regulation of …

Adipose tissue is now recognized as an important endocrine organ, capable of secreting a
large number of endocrine factors which regulate a wide variety of physiological functions …

Macrophages play an essential role not only in mediating the first line of defense but also in
maintaining tissue homeostasis. In response to extrinsic factors derived from a given tissue …

High dietary fructose is a major contributor to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome,
disturbing tissue and organ functions. Fructose is mainly absorbed into systemic circulation …

Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality globally.
Epidemiological studies using high‐sensitivity assays for serum C‐reactive protein have …

Adiponectin acts as a key regulator of the innate immune system and plays a major role in
the progression of inflammation and metabolic disorders. Macrophages and monocytes are …

Background: Obesity is currently viewed as a state of chronic low-grade inflammation in
which there is a pro-inflammatory alteration in the serum adipocytokine profile as well as an …