The Andes are the world's most biodiverse mountain chain, encompassing a complex array
of ecosystems from tropical rainforests to alpine habitats. We provide a synthesis of Andean …

Mountains are key features of the Earth's surface and host a substantial proportion of the
world's species. However, the links between the evolution and distribution of biodiversity …

The American tropics (the Neotropics) are the most species-rich realm on Earth, and for
centuries, scientists have attempted to understand the origins and evolution of their …

Mountains are arguably Earth's most striking features. They play a major role in determining
global and regional climates, are the source of most rivers, act as cradles, barriers and …

A common hypothesis for the rich biodiversity found in mountains is uplift-driven
diversification—that orogeny creates conditions favoring rapid in situ speciation of resident …

Pollination syndromes, recurring suites of floral traits appearing in connection with specific
functional pollinator groups, have served for decades to organise floral diversity under a …

Premise of the Study We present the first plastome phylogeny encompassing all 77 monocot
families, estimate branch support, and infer monocot‐wide divergence times and rates of …

Aim To quantify the effect of Pleistocene climate fluctuations on habitat connectivity across
páramos in the Northern Andes. Location Northern Andes. Methods The unique páramos …

Topographically complex regions on land and in the oceans feature hotspots of biodiversity
that reflect geological influences on ecological and evolutionary processes. Over geologic …

Summary The Andean mountains of South America are the most species‐rich biodiversity
hotspot worldwide with c. 15% of the world's plant species, in only 1% of the world's land …