The complexity of some diseases—as well as the inherent toxicity of certain drugs—has led
to an increasing interest in the development and optimization of drug-delivery systems …

Preservatives in multidose formulations of topical ophthalmic medications are crucial for
maintaining sterility but can be toxic to the ocular surface. Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) …

Purpose Age-related eye diseases are becoming more prevalent. A notable increase has
been seen in the most common causes including glaucoma, age-related macular …

Due to complicated anatomical and physical properties, targeted drug delivery to ocular
tissues continues to be a key challenge for formulation scientists. Various attempts are …

Ocular diseases may be treated via different routes of administration, such as topical,
intracameral, intravitreal, oral and parenteral. Among them the topical route is most accepted …

There are many challenges involved in ocular drug delivery. These are a result of the many
tissue barriers and defense mechanisms that are present with the eye; such as the cornea …

Chitosan (CS) is a hemi-synthetic cationic linear polysaccharide produced by the
deacetylation of chitin. CS is non-toxic, highly biocompatible, and biodegradable, and it has …

The eye is the specialized part of the body and is comprised of numerous physiological
ocular barriers that limit the drug absorption at the action site. Regardless of various efforts …

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) is a cellulose ether widely used in drug formulations
due to its biocompatibility, uncharged nature, solubility in water and thermoplastic behavior …

This review describes the role of contact lenses as an innovative drug delivery system in
treating eye diseases. Current ophthalmic drug delivery systems are inadequate, particularly …