T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell
development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and …

Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine composed of two subunits, IL-23A (p19)
and IL-12/23B (p40), the latter shared with Interleukin-12 (IL-12). IL-23 is mainly produced …

The balance between Th17 cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) has emerged as a prominent
factor in regulating autoimmunity and cancer. Th17 cells are vital for host defense against …

Fibrosis is a pathological feature of most chronic inflammatory diseases. Fibrosis, or
scarring, is defined by the accumulation of excess extracellular matrix components. If highly …

The induction and action of type I interferon (IFN) is of fundamental importance in human
immune defenses toward microbial pathogens, particularly viruses. Basic discoveries within …

Severe asthma (SA) is a challenge to control, as patients are not responsive to high doses of
systemic corticosteroids (CS). In contrast, mild-moderate asthma (MMA) is responsive to low …

Background Type 17 helper T cells have been suggested to play a pathological role in
psoriasis. They secrete several proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-17A (also …

Advancing our understanding of mechanisms of immune regulation in allergy, asthma,
autoimmune diseases, tumor development, organ transplantation, and chronic infections …

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes or neutrophils play a critical role in the maintenance of
intestinal homeostasis. They have elegant defense mechanisms to eliminate microbes that …

CD4+ T cells, upon activation and expansion, develop into different T helper cell subsets
with different cytokine profiles and distinct effector functions. Until recently, T cells were …