Global warming and local eutrophication simultaneously lower oxygen (O2) saturation and
increase biological O2 demands to cause deoxygenation. Tropical shallow waters, and their …

Ocean deoxygenation threatens the persistence of coastal ecosystems worldwide. Despite
an increasing awareness that coastal deoxygenation impacts tropical habitats, there …

Ocean deoxygenation is one of the major consequences of climate change. In coastal
waters, this process can be exacerbated by eutrophication, which is contributing to an …

Hypoxia (low oxygen stress) is increasingly reported on coral reefs, caused by ocean
deoxygenation linked to coastal nutrient pollution and ocean warming. While the ability to …

Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary contains the northernmost coral reef
ecosystem in the Gulf of Mexico, with> 50% living coral cover. Historically, this reef system …

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a critically important ecological variable, and the prevalence of
marine hypoxia is expected to increase due to the combined effects of ocean warming and …

Many Caribbean coral reefs are heavily degraded, yet their pre-human, natural states are
often assumed or estimated using space-for-time substitution approaches. Here we use an …

Global change has resulted in oceans that are warmer, more acidic, and lower in oxygen.
Individually any one of these stressors can have numerous negative impacts on marine …

Reef building corals are efficient biological collectors of solar radiation and consist of a thin
stratified tissue layer spread over a light scattering calcium carbonate skeleton surface that …

Coastal hypoxia has become an increasingly acknowledged threat to coral reefs that is
potentially intensifying because of increased input of anthropogenic nutrients. Almirante Bay …