Obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular disease are risk factors for
chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney failure. Chronic, low-grade inflammation is …

Insulin resistance is a systemic disorder that affects many organs and insulin-regulated
pathways. The disorder is characterized by a reduced action of insulin despite increased …

Diabetic kidney disease, commonly termed diabetic nephropathy (DN), is the most common
cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide. The characteristic histopathology of …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of renal failure in the world. It is
characterized by albuminuria and abnormal glomerular function and is considered a …

Proteinuria is the hallmark of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and is an independent risk
factor for both renal disease progression, and cardiovascular disease. Although the …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasingly recognized as a heterogeneous condition. The
individualization of care and treatment necessitates an understanding of the individual …

Diabetes is increasing in prevalence and is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in
the United States. Diabetic kidney disease is considered a proteinuric glomerular disease …

Diabetic nephropathy is the major cause of end‐stage renal failure throughout the world in
both developed and developing countries. Diabetes affects all cell types of the kidney …

Podocytes are a major component of the glomerular blood filtration barrier, and alterations to
the morphology of their unique actin-based foot processes (FP) are a common feature of …

Background Podocyte specific proteins are dysregulated in diabetic nephropathy, though
the extent of their expression loss is not identical and may be subject to different regulatory …