To review the use of epidural electric stimulation test, pressure waveform analysis, and
ultrasound assessment of injection as bedside methods for confirming identification of the …

Purpose Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is a well stablished technique for pain
management in major thoracic and abdominal surgeries; however, it has considerable …

Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is a standard procedure in multimodal analgesia applied
in major thoracic and abdominal surgeries. Two cases are presented with serious …

In this month's issue of the Journal, dos Santos Fernandes et al. report on the effectiveness
of three preoperative thoracic epidural testing strategies, which I read with great interest. 1 …

Introduction Fascial plane blocks (FPBs) have gained significant popularity in regional
anesthesia in an attempt to improve pain control and reduce opioid consumption while …

THORACIC epidural analgesia (TEA) blocks are commonly used for thoracic surgical
procedures to provide effective analgesia in the intraoperative and postoperative periods …

Introduction In recent decades the high thoracic epidural analgesia (HTEA) has been
increasingly replaced as the gold standard in minimal invasive surgical procedures. We …

Introducción: en la práctica quirúrgica, la analgesia epidural postoperatoria se mantiene
como el estándar de oro debido a sus ventajas sobre la analgesia intravenosa con …

Introduction: postoperative epidural analgesia in open abdominal or thoracic surgery
remains the gold standard due to its advantages over intravenous opioid analgesia …

To the Editor, The epidural stimulation test (EST) can predict successful neuraxial analgesia
by confirming the location of the epidural catheter tip. 1 Over the past 20 years, this …