BACKGROUND The best-known role of spermatozoa is to fertilize the oocyte and to transmit
the paternal genome to offspring. These highly specialized cells have a unique structure …

Defects of mitochondrial metabolism cause a wide range of human diseases that include
examples from all medical subspecialties. This review updates the topic of mitochondrial …

Unexplained male infertility is a diagnosis reserved for men in whom routine semen
analyses results are within normal values and physical as well as endocrine abnormalities …

Objectives Considerable interest and controversy over a possible decline in semen quality
during the 20th century raised concern that semen quality could have reached a critically …

The incorporation of mitochondria in the eukaryotic cell is one of the most enigmatic events
in the course of evolution. This important organelle was thought to be only the powerhouse …

DNA polymerases are indispensable for maintaining the integrity of the genome, both
through faithful replication of DNA and by repairing damage to DNA. Among the 16 highly …

Idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (iOAT) affects approximately 30% of all infertile
men. This mini‐review discussed recent data in this field. Age, non‐inflammatory functional …

Mitochondrial genetic diseases can result from defects in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the
form of deletions, point mutations, or depletion, which ultimately cause loss of oxidative …

Infertility is a common problem affecting one in six couples and in 30% of infertile couples,
the male factor is a major cause. A large number of genes are involved in spermatogenesis …

Many genetic polymorphisms have been studied extensively to elucidate their role in the
pathophysiology of male infertility. This article presents a review of the literature following a …