Obesity is a complex, chronic disease and global public health challenge. Characterized by
excessive fat accumulation in the body, obesity sharply increases the risk of several …

During the past 30 yr, investigating the physiology of eating behaviors has generated a truly
vast literature. This is fueled in part by a dramatic increase in obesity and its comorbidities …

Accumulated evidence from genetic animal models suggests that the brain, particularly the
hypothalamus, has a key role in the homeostatic regulation of energy and glucose …

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has a major role in the modulation of energy balance.
AMPK is activated in conditions of low energy, increasing energy production and reducing …

All living organisms depend on dynamic mechanisms that repeatedly reassess the status of
amassed energy, in order to adapt energy supply to demand. The AMP-activated protein …

Complex multicellular organisms require a coordinated response from multiple tissues to
maintain whole-body homeostasis in the face of energetic stressors such as fasting, cold …

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the downstream component of a kinase cascade
that acts as a gauge of cellular energy levels. Over the last few years, accumulating …

Energy balance is maintained by a complex homeostatic system involving some signaling
pathways and “nutrient sensors” in multiple tissues and organs. Any defect associated with …

The hypothalamus is a center of convergence and integration of multiple nutrient-related
signals. It can sense changes in circulating adiposity hormones, gastric hormones and …

Recent data underscore the importance of intertissue communication in the maintenance of
normal glucose homeostasis. Important signals are conveyed by hormones, cytokines, and …