Healthy democratic polities feature competing visions of a good society but also require
some level of cooperation and institutional trust. Democracy is at risk when citizens become …

When we use language to communicate, we must choose what to say, what not to say, and
how to say it. That is, we must decide how to frame the message. These linguistic choices …

Organizations, activists, and scholars hope that conversations between outpartisans
(supporters of opposing political parties) can reduce affective polarization (dislike of …

Scholars warn that affective polarization undermines democratic norms and accountability.
They speculate that if citizens were less affectively polarized, they would be less likely to …

That there are more opportunities than ever for citizens to express their views may be,
counterintuitively, a problem facing democracy—the sheer quantitative overabundance …

Exclusionary attitudes—prejudice toward outgroups and opposition to policies that promote
their well-being—are presenting challenges to democratic societies worldwide. Drawing on …

Fake news has become a prominent topic of public discussion, particularly among elites.
Recent research has explored the prevalence of fake news during the 2016 election cycle …

Americans today are affectively polarized: they dislike and distrust those from the opposing
political party more than they did in the past, with damaging consequences for their …

The distinction of macro-and microfoundations of institutions implies a multilevel
conceptualization of institutional processes. We adopt the evaluators' perspective on …

This article explores belief in political rumors surrounding the health care reforms enacted
by Congress in 2010. Refuting rumors with statements from unlikely sources can, under …