A joint is the point of connection between two bones in our body. Inflammation of the joint
leads to several diseases, including osteoarthritis, which is the concern of this review …

Arthrofibrosis is a fibrotic joint disorder that begins with an inflammatory reaction to insults
such as injury, surgery and infection. Excessive extracellular matrix and adhesions contract …

Caspase-8 is an apical caspase involved in the programmed form of cell death called
apoptosis that is critically important for mammalian development and immunity. Apoptosis …

In vivo control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reflects the balance between host immunity
and bacterial evasion strategies. Effector Th1 cells that mediate protective immunity by …

Osteoarthritis (OA) has generally been introduced as a degenerative disease; however, it
has recently been understood as a low-grade chronic inflammatory process that could …

The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAIP) is important for antagonizing inflammation
and treating several diseases, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and is …

Signaling via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in macrophages constitutes an essential part of the
innate immune response to bacterial infections. Detailed and quantified descriptions of …

Scope The NLRP3 inflammasome responds to various pathogen‐derived factors and
danger‐associated molecules, mediating IL‐1β maturation, therefore is involved in multiple …

Amyloid β (Aβ) plays a major role in the neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
The accumulation of misfolded Aβ causes oxidative stress and inflammatory damage …

Accumulation of hydrophobic bile acids in the liver contributes to cholestatic liver injury.
Inflammation induced by excessive bile acids is believed to play a crucial role, however, the …