By its very nature, the second law of thermodynamics is probabilistic, in that its formulation
requires a probabilistic description of the state of a system. This raises questions about the …

Stochastic thermodynamics as reviewed here systematically provides a framework for
extending the notions of classical thermodynamics such as work, heat and entropy …

We expand the standard thermodynamic framework of a system coupled to a thermal
reservoir by considering a stream of independently prepared units repeatedly put into …

We provide a unified thermodynamic formalism describing information transfers in
autonomous as well as nonautonomous systems described by stochastic thermodynamics …

We obtain generalizations of the Kelvin-Planck, Clausius, and Carnot statements of the
second law of thermodynamics for situations involving information processing. To this end …

We present a physical implementation of a Maxwell demon which consists of a conventional
single electron transistor (SET) capacitively coupled to another quantum dot detecting its …

We establish the fluctuation theorem in the presence of information exchange between a
nonequilibrium system and other degrees of freedom such as an observer and a feedback …

We establish a general theory of feedback control on classical stochastic thermodynamic
systems and generalize nonequilibrium equalities such as the fluctuation theorem and the …

A breaking of symmetry involves an abrupt change in the set of microstates a system can
explore. This change has unavoidable thermodynamic implications: a shrinkage of the …

We consider the stationary state of a Markov process on a bipartite system from the
perspective of stochastic thermodynamics. One subsystem is used to extract work from a …